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National Stock Exchange : NSE INDIA

The National Stock Exchange (NSE) is the largest stock exchange in India in terms of market capitalization, with a market share of approximately 80% of the equity market in the country. It was established in 1992 and is headquartered in Mumbai, India. NSE operates on an electronic platform and offers trading in equity, derivatives, currency, and debt markets. In this article, we will take a closer look at the National Stock Exchange, its history, and the different markets it operates.

History

The National Stock Exchange was established in 1992 by a group of leading financial institutions in India, including the Industrial Development Bank of India, the Unit Trust of India, and the Life Insurance Corporation of India. NSE was set up to provide a modern, transparent, and efficient trading platform for investors in India. The exchange was modeled on the NASDAQ in the United States, which was the first electronic stock exchange in the world.

In 1994, NSE launched its first index, the Nifty 50, which tracks the performance of the top 50 companies listed on the exchange. The index has since become the benchmark index for the Indian equity market and is widely used by domestic and international investors to track the performance of the Indian economy.

In 2000, NSE introduced trading in derivatives, starting with index futures and options, followed by individual stock futures and options. This move helped increase liquidity in the market and made it easier for investors to hedge their risks.

Markets

Equity Market: The equity market is the largest market in NSE, with over 1,600 companies listed on the exchange. The Nifty 50 index is used to measure the performance of the equity market, which is further divided into 12 sectors. The equity market is open from Monday to Friday, and trading takes place between 9:15 am to 3:30 pm.

Derivatives Market: The derivatives market in NSE consists of trading in futures and options contracts based on the Nifty 50 index and individual stocks. The derivatives market is open from Monday to Friday, and trading takes place between 9:00 am to 11:30 pm.

Currency Market: The currency market in NSE allows trading in futures contracts for various currency pairs, including the US dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, and British Pound. The currency market is open from Monday to Friday, and trading takes place between 9:00 am to 5:00 pm.

Debt Market: The debt market in NSE allows trading in government securities and corporate bonds. The debt market is open from Monday to Friday, and trading takes place between 9:00 am to 5:00 pm.

Trading Mechanism

The trading mechanism in NSE is fully electronic, with no physical trading floor. Orders are placed through computer terminals, and trading takes place through a network of computer servers located across India. The exchange operates on a price-time priority basis, where orders are matched based on price and the time they were placed.

NSE uses a modern trading system known as the National Exchange for Automated Trading (NEAT), which is a sophisticated electronic trading platform that allows for fast and efficient trading. NEAT is used for trading in the equity and derivatives markets and supports multiple types of orders, including market orders, limit orders, and stop-loss orders.

Clearing and Settlement

Clearing and settlement in NSE is done through a separate entity called the National Securities Clearing Corporation Limited (NSCCL). NSCCL is responsible for ensuring that all trades are settled in a timely and efficient manner, and it also provides margining and risk management services.

NSCCL operates a robust risk management system that is designed to protect the interests of investors and ensure the stability of the financial system. The system uses

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Location: Shop No.-207, Ambala, Ambalal Doshi Marg, opposite Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers, Kala Ghoda, Fort, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400001, India

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